Category Archives: January 2015

Diabetic risk_Hemlata Chaurasia

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To find out the diabetic risk in study population by subjecting them to Indian diabetic risk scale (IRDS)

Chourasia H,1 Chourasia RS2

Assistant Professor1,2

1Department of Physiology, Sewakunj MIMS Medical College & Research Centre, Indore, MP, India

2Department of Anatomy, Index Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, Indore, MP, India
ABSTRACT
BackgroundDiabetes as a non-communicable disease is significant public health problem the prevalence rate all the world over is raising. Diabetes mellitus is one of the leading cause of long term complications and a major health hazard in a developing country like India. Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IRDS) developed by Dr. Mohan and his colleagues in 2005 is one of the strongest predictor of incident diabetes in India.Material MethodsThe present study entitled was conducted in the department of Physiology Gandhi Medical College and Associated Hamidia Hospital, Bhopal. 120 subjects in the age group range of 30-60 years attending the different medical OPDs.

Results

The mean age of the sixty subjects included in the control group was 42.61±8.70 years and sixty Prediabetic subjects were 45.43±8.77 years. Maximum numbers of Prediabetes were in the age group of 40 - 50 years.

Conclusion

The results of the study will help to formulate strategies for future preventive efforts and delay the onset of type 2 diabetes.
KEY WORDS
Diabetes mellitus, Diabetic Risk Group, Indian Diabetic Risk Score.

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Pranayama_Ritu Bajpai

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Effect of Bhramari Pranayama and Yoganidra on cardiovascular hyper-reactivity to cold presser test

Bajpai R,1 Rajak C,2 Rampalliwar S3

Postgraduate Student,1 Professor,2 Associate Professor3

1-3Department of Physiology, Shyam Shah Medical College, Rewa, MP, India.
ABSTRACT
AimThe aim of this study was to investigate whether regular practice of Bhramari Pranayama and Yoganidra for 3 months can reduce cardiovascular hyper-reactivity to cold presser test in young healthy medical students.BackgroundA number of studies support the beneficial effect of Bhramari Pranayama and Yoganidra in hypertension. No study has been done to evaluate combined effect of pranayama and meditation in hyper-reactors to cold pressor test.

Material Methods

A total of 94 young medical students were selected who performed Bhramari Pranayama and Yoganidra for duration of three months. Cold presser test was done on each student before and after yoga.

Results

There was 79% reduction in hyper-reactivity to cold presser test as number of hyper-reactors reduced from 32 before the study to 7 after three months of yoga. Systolic rise of blood pressure to cold presser test reduced from 20.1 ± 3.5 mm Hg to 15.2 ± 3.7 mm Hg (p<0.001) and diastolic rise reduced from 13.81 ± 3.4 mm Hg to 10.37 ± 2.62 mm Hg (p<0.001) in hyper-reactors. Mean systolic blood pressure in all the 94 subjects reduced from 119.87 ± 12.01 mm Hg to 117.68 ± 11.89 mm Hg whereas mean diastolic blood pressure reduced from 77.08 ± 9.3 mm Hg to 75.11 ± 9.07 mm Hg (p<0.001).

Conclusion

Bhramari Pranayama and Yoganidra together can significantly alleviate stress induced changes in cardiovascular parameters.
KEY WORDS
Bhramari, Cold presser test, Hyper-reactors, Yoganidra.

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Lipid profile in Breast cancer_Haritwal

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A comparative study of serum lipid profile and glucose level between breast cancer patients and controls at tertiary care hospital in India

Haritwal AK 1,Chourasia RK 2, Ojha S3

Associate Professor 1,Associate Professor2, Assistant Professor3

1-4Department of Pathology, Chirayu Medical College, Bhopal, MP, India.
ABSTRACT
AimThe aim of this study is to compare serum lipid profiles: total-cholesterol (T-CHOL), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and serum glucose between breast cancer patients and control to evaluate their relationship with breast cancer.BackgroundThere are many researches which have reported positive as well as negative association of plasma/serum lipids and lipoproteins and serum glucose with different cancers. Increase levels of circulating lipids and serum glucose have been associated with breast cancer risk.

Material Methods

A total of 92 consecutive cases of histologically proven carcinoma breast along with same number of age matched, disease free controls were selected. Serum lipid and serum glucose levels of both cases and controls were estimated.

Results

The results of this study suggest that low (HDL-C) level and high (TG) levels are associated with risk of breast cancer in Indian women while serum glucose level does not show any association with breast cancer risk.

Conclusion

More studies are needed in future to explore common modifiable risk factors for development of breast cancer, so that its incidence can be reduced.
KEY WORDS
Breast cancer, lipid profiles, serum glucose, serum lipids.

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Leprosy_Mamata Tiwari

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Clinico-Histopathological correlation of leprosy: A retrospective study of skin biopsy specimens in Chitwan Medical College

Tiwari M,1 Ranabhat S,1 Maharjan S2

Associate Professor,1 Assistant Professor2

1-3Department of Pathology, Chitwan Medical College, Chitwan, Nepal
ABSTRACT
AimAim of this study was to find out cases of leprosy diagnosed in skin biopsy specimen and to study clinicohistopathological correlation in diagnosis of leprosy.

Background

Leprosy is caused by Mycobacterium leprae. There are various clinico-pathological forms of leprosy depending on the immune status of the host. Diagnosis of leprosy can be done by clinical, microbiological and histopathological examination. Histopathological examination is considered as
important for confirmatory diagnosis, for assessment of regression of the disease in patient under treatment and also for research purposes. Number of skin lesions in patients, Ridley and Jopling (RJ) classification and bacilliary index in histological sample all can be correlated for proper classification and treatment of leprosy cases.

Materials and Methods

This retrospective study included cases of leprosy diagnosed in skin biopsy specimen in the Department of Pathology of Chitwan Medical College from April 2009 to March 2014. Clinical diagnosis was correlated with that of histopathological diagnosis.

Results

In this study, male to female ratio was 1.4:1. Mean age of patients was
32.66 years. Most common lesion was hypopigmented macule (68%). On the basis of RJ scale, maximum cases (41%) were classified as borderline tuberculoid leprosy (BT) and least number (3.7%) as leprosy, and polar lepromatous leprosy. Maximum clinico-histopathological correlation was seen in borderline lepromatous leprosy (87.5%) followed by BT (68.1%). Fite ferraco stain was done in only 27 cases. It was 0-2 in tuberculoid spectrum and >2 in lepromatous spectrum.

Conclusion

Combining clinical, histopathological and microbiological diagnosis of leprosy is important for
proper treatment of the patient and prevention of complications.
KEY WORDS
Bacillary index, macules, Mycobacterium leprae, Ridley and Jopling classification

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PBL Vs Traditional curricullum_Syed

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Comparing Problem Based Learning Curriculum and the Traditional Curriculum based on outcome
Kabir SA,1 Kabir SI,2 Mohammad S,3 Kallachil T,1 Dissanayake T4

PG Resident1-4
1Department of Surgery, Victoria Infirmary Hospital, Glasgow G42 9TY, UK2Department of Surgery, Wycombe General Hospital, High Wycombe HP11 2TT, UK3Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, County Hospital, Stafford ST16 3SA, UK4University of Nottingham, Nottinghamshire NG7 2RD, UK
ABSTRACT
It has been argued and shown by various outcome studies that traditional knowledge based assessments of curriculum outcomes have minimal or no difference in learners graduating from either PBLC or the traditional curriculums.A literature search on problem based learning has shown several comparison studies between graduates from the PBLC with those from the traditional method of teaching, these include: the academic process; program evaluation; academic achievement; graduates’ performance, specialty choices and practice characteristics; and faculty members’ satisfaction.This review article will compare PBLC graduates with the traditional or conventional style of learning, and based on the above; conclude weather PBLC needs to be implemented in medical schools?
KEY WORDS
Medical education, Outcome based medical curriculum, Problem based learning, Traditional curriculum

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Gut Barrier_Ashok Banga

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Gut barrier and Probiotics
Banga A

Consultant Pediatrician

Chirayu & Aastha Children Hospitals, Gwalior, India
ABSTRACT
To study the outcome of percutaneous tenotomy of tendo-achilles using a wide bore needle in Congenital Talipes Equino Varus. Scientifically proven probiotics so far are:1. Sachromyces boulardie.2. Sachromyces GG.3. Bacillus clausie.When given in proper dosage and for the proper duration. Sacharomyces GG is costly and is not available in Indian
market.
Various preparations in the market having different combinations in different strength are not yet backed by scientific approvals. Their effectiveness is not proven, safety not established and quality not
guaranteed and should, therefore, be avoided.
KEY WORDS
Antibiotics, Gut Barriers, Probiotics.

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